I-Geosynthetics yigama elijwayelekile lezinto zokwenziwa ezisetshenziswa kubunjiniyela bomphakathi. Njengempahla yobunjiniyela bomphakathi, isebenzisa ama-polymer okwenziwa (njengamapulasitiki, imicu yamakhemikhali, irabha yokwenziwa, njll.) njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo, ebekwe ngaphakathi enhlabathini, phezulu noma phakathi kwenhlabathi ehlukahlukene. , ukudlala indima yokungangeni kwamanzi nokunqanda ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukuqinisa, ukudonsa amanzi kanye nokuhlunga kanye nokubuyiselwa kwemvelo.
Uhlolojikelele lwe-tailings pond
1. I-Hydrology
I-copper tailings pond itholakala esigodini. Kunamagquma enyakatho, entshonalanga naseningizimu ahlukaniswe nesistimu yamanzi ezungezile. Ichibi le-tailings linendawo yokubamba engu-5km². Kukhona amanzi emseleni unyaka wonke, futhi ukugeleza kwamanzi kukhulu.
2. I-Topography
Isigodi ngokuvamile sisenyakatho-ntshonalanga-eningizimu-mpumalanga, futhi sijikela enyakatho-mpumalanga engxenyeni ye-Mizokou. Isigodi sivulekile uma kuqhathaniswa, sinesilinganiso sobubanzi obungaba ngu-100m nobude obungaba ngu-6km. Idamu lokuqala lechibi elihlongozwayo le-tailings liphakathi nesigodi. I-Topography ye-slope yasebhange ingumqansa futhi umthambeko uvamise ukuba ngu-25-35°, okuyi-tectonic deudation alpine landform.
3. Izimo zejoloji yobunjiniyela
Lapho uklama uhlelo lokunqanda ukuvuleka kwechibi le-tailings, ukuhlolwa kwe-geological yobunjiniyela yendawo ye-reservoir kufanele kwenziwe kuqala. Iyunithi yokwakha yenze inhlolovo yobunjiniyela bejoloji yechibi le-tailings: awekho amaphutha asebenzayo adlula endaweni yokugcina amanzi; Umhlabathi oqinile, isigaba sendawo yokwakha yi-Class II; amanzi angaphansi komhlaba endaweni ye-reservoir agcwele amanzi agudle umbhede; ungqimba lwamadwala luzinzile, futhi kunendawo yesimo sezulu ewugqinsi eqinile esabalaliswe endaweni yesizinda sedamu, enamandla amakhulu emishini. Kucatshangelwa kabanzi ukuthi isizinda sendawo yezinsalela siyindawo ezinzile futhi ilungele ukwakha indawo yokugcina impahla.
I-anti-seepage scheme ye-tailings pond
1. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphikisana nekhasi
Njengamanje, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswa kule phrojekthi i-geomembrane, i-sodium bentonite engangeni manzi, njll. Ingubo ye-sodium bentonite engangeni manzi inobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe nokusetshenziswa kwayo, futhi yonke indawo yokugcina amanzi yale phrojekthi ihlelelwe ukuba wandlalwe ngengubo ye-sodium bentonite engangeni manzi Ukungangenisi okuvundlile.
2. Uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi angaphansi kwechibi elingaphansi
Ngemva kokuba iphansi lechibi selihlanziwe futhi laphathwa, ungqimba lwetshe oluwugqinsi oluwu-300mm lwendlalwa ngaphansi kwechibi njengongqimba lokudonsa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, bese kubekwa umsele ongaboniyo wokudonsa amanzi ngaphansi kwechibi, kanye nepayipi elinezimbobo le-DN500. ibekwe emseleni oyimpumputhe njengomhlahlandlela oyinhloko wokudonsa amanzi. Imisele eyimpumputhe yokudonsa amanzi eqondisayo ibekwe eceleni komgwaqo ongezansi kwechibi le-tailings. Kunemisele emi-3 eyimpumputhe isiyonke, futhi ihlelwe kwesokunxele, maphakathi nakwesokudla echibini.
3. Uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba emithambekeni
Endaweni egxilile yokugeleza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, inethiwekhi ye-geotechnical drainage eyinhlanganisela iyabekwa, futhi imisele yokukhipha amanzi eyimpumputhe kanye namapayipi amagatsha okukhipha amanzi abekwe emiseleni yegatsha ngalinye endaweni yokugcina amanzi, exhunywe epayipini elikhulu elingaphansi kwedamu.
4. Ukufakwa kwezinto eziphikisana nokuphuma kwamanzi
Impahla evundlile emelene nokubona kwekhasi endaweni yokugcina izisila isebenzisa ingubo yokulala engenamanzi ye-bentonite esekelwe ku-sodium. Phansi kwechibi le-tailings, ungqimba olunogwadule lokudonsa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba lusethiwe. Uma kucatshangelwa isidingo sokuvikela ingubo ye-sodium bentonite engangeni manzi, inhlabathi enohlamvu oluwugqinsi obungu-300mm ibekwa phezu kongqimba lwetshe njengongqimba oluvikelayo ngaphansi kolwelwesi. Emthambekeni, inetha elihlanganisiwe le-geotechnical drainage libekwe kwezinye izindawo njengongqimba oluvikelayo ngaphansi kwengubo ye-sodium-bentonite engenamanzi; kwezinye izindawo, i-geotextile engu-500g/m² isethwe njengesendlalelo esivikelayo ngaphansi kolwelwesi. Ingxenye yobumba olunodaka endaweni yedamu le-tailings ingasetshenziswa njengomthombo wenhlabathi ecolekile.
Isakhiwo sesendlalelo esinqanda ukuvuleka ngaphansi kwechibi le-tailings limi kanje: umsila - ingubo ye-sodium bentonite engangeni manzi - umhlabathi ocolile ongu-300mm - 500g/m² geotextile - ungqimba lwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba (ungqimba lwamatshe angama-300mm noma i-stratum yemvelo enokungena kahle , ungqimba lwe-drainage Umsele oyimpumputhe) isendlalelo sesisekelo sokukala.
Isakhiwo sesendlalelo se-anti-sepage se-tailings slope sechibi (ayikho indawo echayeka emanzini angaphansi): itailings - i-sodium bentonite yengubo yefektri yengubo engangeni manzi engu-500g/m² i-geotextile - isendlalelo sesisekelo sokulinganisa.
Isakhiwo sesendlalelo esimelene nokugeleza kwamanzi kumthambeka wechibi le-tailings (enendawo echayeka emanzini angaphansi komhlaba): izinsalela - ingubo ye-bentonite engangeni manzi esekelwe ku-sodium - isendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba (igridi ye-geotechnical eyinhlanganisela ye-geotechnical eyi-6.3mm, umsele we-drainage blind) - ungqimba oluyisisekelo olusezingeni .
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-11-2022